On Human Nature

1. What assumptions does Mencius make about human nature?

Menucius assumes that all human beings are empathetic and compassionate, and have the innate desire to care for one another.

2. How does Mencius’ thinking in regard to human nature fit with your

conceptions of human nature?

Menucius’s thinking is a lot more idealized than mine. I certainly believe that most human beings do have a sense or empathy, sympathy, or both, but Menucius, in my opinion, overestimates the extent and impact of these feelings.

3. How does Mencius’ thinking on human nature compare to that of Xunzi?

Mencius had a lot more faith in humanity than Xunzi. Where Zunzi believed that humans are inherently selfish and evil, and must be taught to be good and moral, Mencius believed that it was in humanity's nature to be good and moral.

4. What implications does Mencius’ thinking on human nature have for his

advice on how to govern a state?

Mencius’s thinking would have less of a strong legal code and likely fewer punishments, instead the government would probably have more faith in the individual to have accountability. He would probably push for a state to have fewer or weaker punishments.